Understanding the Levels of Criminal Charges in Minnesota
When facing criminal charges in Minnesota, it’s essential to understand the different levels of offenses and how they impact potential penalties. Minnesota law categorizes crimes into four primary levels: felonies, gross misdemeanors, misdemeanors, and petty misdemeanors. The severity of the charge determines possible jail time, fines, and long-term consequences. Contact us to discuss your case.
Felonies: The Most Serious Offenses
Felonies are the most severe category of criminal offenses in Minnesota. A felony is defined as any crime punishable by a year or more in prison. Common felony charges include murder, assault with a dangerous weapon, drug distribution, and criminal sexual conduct. Sentences for felonies can range from a year and a day in prison to life imprisonment, along with steep fines and lasting collateral consequences such as loss of firearm rights, voting restrictions, and difficulty securing employment or housing.
Gross Misdemeanors: A Step Below Felonies
Gross misdemeanors are serious offenses but carry less severe penalties than felonies. A gross misdemeanor is punishable by up to 364 days in jail and a fine of up to $3,000. Examples include second-degree or third-degree DWI (e.g. subsequent offense, high alcohol reading), domestic assault, and some theft offenses. While a gross misdemeanor does not carry the same long-term penalties as a felony, a conviction can still result in jail time, probation, and other consequences that affect employment, professional licensing, and immigration status.
Misdemeanors: Less Severe, But Still Serious
A misdemeanor is a criminal offense punishable by up to 90 days in jail and fines of up to $1,000. Common misdemeanor offenses include fourth-degree DWI, simple assault, disorderly conduct, and certain traffic violations. While misdemeanors carry lighter penalties than felonies or gross misdemeanors, they can still lead to jail time, probation, and a permanent criminal record that may impact future opportunities.
Petty Misdemeanors: Non-Criminal Offenses
Petty misdemeanors are the least severe level of offense in Minnesota and are not considered criminal offenses. They are punishable by a fine of up to $300 but do not carry the possibility of jail time. Common petty misdemeanors include minor traffic violations and possession of a small amount of marijuana (under previous law). Although a petty misdemeanor is not a crime, it can still appear on a person’s record and may impact insurance rates, employment, or other aspects of life.
Why Legal Representation Matters
No matter the level of the charge, having an experienced criminal defense attorney can make a significant difference in the outcome of a case. At Johnson Erickson Law, we work to minimize penalties, protect your rights, and explore options such as dismissal, reduced charges, or alternative sentencing. If you are facing criminal charges in Minnesota, contact us today to discuss your case and develop a strong defense strategy.
